Removal of the uterus
This is a surgical operation that is performed to treat various gynecological diseases when other methods have proved ineffective or impractical.
Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) is one of the most frequently performed operations in gynecology. It can be indicated for fast-growing fibroids, multiple fibroids, endometriosis, profuse uterine bleeding, malignant neoplasms of the uterus.
There are three types of hysterectomy. With radical hysterectomy, the uterus, cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, regional lymph nodes and surrounding fatty tissue are completely removed. With a total hysterectomy, the entire uterus, along with the cervix and appendages, is removed. And with subtotal hysterectomy, the uterine body is removed while preserving the cervix.
For hysterectomy, the following are used: Surgical instruments for incisions and tissue removal. Laparoscopic systems for minimally invasive procedures.
An examination should be performed before a hysterectomy: Consultation with a gynecologist and a surgeon. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs, if necessary — MRI or CT scan. Blood tests, including a general analysis, coagulogram and infection tests. Ultrasound of the ovaries with a Doppler to assess blood supply.
Hysterectomy can be performed using three main methods: abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic. Abdominal hysterectomy is performed through an incision in the lower abdomen and provides the surgeon with full access to the pelvic organs, which allows you to remove the uterus and, if necessary, other affected tissues. Vaginal hysterectomy is performed through an incision in the vagina and is suitable if there is no need for extensive surgical access. This method is less invasive. Laparoscopic hysterectomy is performed through small incisions in the abdomen using a camera and special tools. This is a minimally invasive procedure that reduces recovery time.
Recovery after hysterectomy depends on the type of surgery performed and may take different time. In laparoscopic operations, patients can get up on the same day, and discharge usually occurs 1-3 days after the intervention. After vaginal operations, activation from bed begins on the first day, and discharge – on 3-5 days. In operations with an incision in the abdomen, activation occurs on 1-2 days, and discharge occurs on 5-7 days after surgery. The general rehabilitation period after uterine extirpation takes about 1 month on average, while sexual intercourse is not recommended during the first 2 months. These figures are average and indicative, therefore, individual recommendations are given to each patient depending on age, type of surgery performed, course of the early postoperative period, concomitant diseases and other factors.
Benefits
Effective treatment
The procedures eliminate the symptoms and prevent the progression of diseases.
Different access methods
The ability to choose the most appropriate method depending on the clinical situation.
Reducing the risk of recurrence
Radical removal of the affected tissues reduces the likelihood of recurrence.
Security and predictability
Modern techniques ensure a high level of safety and predictability of the outcome.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which hysterectomy method should I choose?
How long does it take to recover from surgery?
Is it possible to exercise after a hysterectomy?
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Doctor of the highest category, surgical obstetrician-gynaecologist specialising in anti-age and bioregenerative medicine, oncologist
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