Adenoids
Adenoids are an accumulation of lymphoepithelial tissue located in the dome of the nasopharynx (nasopharyngeal tonsil). Adenoids are part of the lymphoepithelial ring, consisting of six tonsils, which plays a key role in protecting the body from infections.
In addition to the adenoids, the lymphoepithelial ring contains two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils (glands) and one lingual tonsil. These formations perform a barrier function, protecting the respiratory tract from pathogenic microorganisms. Newborn children have the beginnings of adenoids and palatine tonsils, which begin to develop actively from the age of about 1 year and reach their maximum size by the age of 5-7 years. During adolescence, adenoids usually begin to decrease gradually.
Reasons:
Frequent respiratory infections
Allergic reaction
Genetic predisposition
Chronic inflammatory diseases
Environmental factors (polluted air, secondhand smoke)
Symptoms:
Difficulty breathing through the nose
Snoring and sleep disorders
Frequent breathing through the mouth
Frequent ear infections (otitis media)
Speech disorders (nasal twang, impaired sound production) and hearing
Persistent or prolonged nasal discharge, frequent nasal congestion
Delayed speech development
Effects:
Prolonged breathing through the mouth can lead to a change in the shape of the jaw, the development of malocclusion and the formation of a so-called "adenoid face". Facial muscles work differently depending on whether a child breathes through the nose or mouth, and this factor directly affects the proper development of the jaw.
In addition, children with impaired nasal breathing are more likely to develop infections of the lower respiratory tract (trachea, bronchi and lungs). When breathing through the mouth, air enters the lungs without proper cleaning and warming, which increases the risk of viruses, bacteria, allergens and dust entering the respiratory tract.
Sleep disorders caused by difficulty in nasal breathing can negatively affect the overall development of a child, reducing concentration and academic performance at school. Frequent ear infections can lead to hearing impairment and chronic inflammation.
Лечение
Surgical treatment:
The question of how to treat adenoids depends on the degree of their increase and the presence of complications. Adenoid surgery is indicated when conservative treatment is ineffective or there are pronounced complications. The operation to remove adenoids is called an adenotomy. It is performed under general anesthesia and usually takes 20-30 minutes. Postoperative recovery is rapid, and most children return to normal activity within a few days.
Conservative treatment:
To choose treatment methods, you should consult an ENT doctor. The doctor may suggest using nasal sprays to reduce swelling and inflammation, medications to control allergic reactions, as well as other therapies tailored to the patient's health status.
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From the metro station "Tsvetnoy Bulvar"
1 exit to the city, then left to the Garden Ring, at the crossing to the right, crossing the boulevard, one more crossing and at the traffic light to the left. The Olymp Clinic building is located overlooking the Garden Ring to the right of the crossing. Travel time is approximately 9 minutes. Landmark - sign Olymp Clinic
From the metro station "Sukharevskaya"
Exit 3 from the metro and 640 meters straight ahead, the clinic will be on the right. Landmark - sign Olymp Clinic